Most houseplants need only four things done well: light, water, soil and a little food. Get these roughly right and your plants will do the rest.
## Light
Light is food for a plant. Bright indirect light means a spot near a window where the sun does not fall directly on the leaves. Low light plants such as snake plant and ZZ plant cope a few metres from a window. Flowering plants and herbs need at least five hours of direct sun.
## Water
Overwatering harms more plants than neglect. Push a finger 3 cm into the soil and water only when it feels dry. Water slowly until it runs from the drainage hole, then empty the saucer. Succulents and cacti like to dry out fully between waterings.
## Soil and drainage
Always use a pot with a drainage hole. A light, airy potting mix lets roots breathe. Add extra sand or grit for succulents.
## Feeding
Feed with a diluted liquid plant food every two to four weeks from March to October. Stop feeding in the cooler months when growth slows.
## Humidity and cleaning
Ferns, calatheas and orchids enjoy a mist in dry weather. Wipe dusty leaves with a damp cloth once a month so they can take in light.
## Repotting
Repot every 12 to 18 months, or when roots circle the pot. Move up one size only.
## When something looks wrong
Yellow leaves usually mean too much water. Brown, crisp tips mean dry air or too little water. Pale, stretched growth means too little light. If you are unsure, book a plant doctor call.